Lifetime Risk of Cancer - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2169 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/03/16 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Social Work Essay Did you like this example? Introduction: The lifetime cancer risk is forty-four percent in men and thirty-eight percent in women, with an increase to those percentages if you are sixty-five and older(Browner,2017). There are different types of preventative measures to help reduce diseases in elders, but with cancer being the second most common cause of death in elders across the United States there are only so many measures you can take. Cancer can be more difficult in treating among older adults because they are likely to have other conditions as well(cancer.net, 2018). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Lifetime Risk of Cancer" essay for you Create order Also, with the populations life expectancy increasing there is more of a chance for an elder to develop cancer cells. Recently there has been a twenty-six percent increase in developing cancer for people ages sixty-five and older and death is sixteen times greater in patients of the age sixty-five and older(Berger,2006). But, the reason for increasing life expectancy is because of the medical advances for all ages, which is helping the age of people to live longer. There are multiple centers and organizations available for elderly cancer patients around the United States and in Northwest Arkansas that have programs that help with support and possible financial assistance. Problem Statement: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the elder population. Although, when people hear the word cancer, they start to think that it is a terminal condition, now people are beginning to live longer with the illness. But, usually eighty percent of elder live at least five years with the condition. Again, the prevalence of cancer rates is on the rise for the elderly population, and if they have another outstanding condition or disease then that could make treating and even preventing cancer from growing or spreading harder than just having the cancer condition alone. Also, with elderly people being more sensitive to most treatments and medication, it makes treating the cells hard to manage. But, with improvements to treatments and screenings makes catching it in a lower stage an easier process. Gender and racial differences can play a role in the different types of cancer(Hooyman,2015, pg.80), and also how severe the condition can have an effect on the patient. For an example, women are more likely to contract breast cancer, but it is also possible for males to have breast cancer cells, but it may take a while to detect because having testing done for breast cancer cells is not the first thing you think to have screened if you are a male. Current solutions: For chronic illnesses and diseases, many healthcare providers ask for chronic management instead of a cure for the condition(Hooyman,2015, pg.13). Although finding a cure is needed, finding a way to manage it could be helpful for elders. It may be more helpful to stabilize the condition rather than try to treat it if the elder individuals body is not accepting or having negative side effects with the treatment. Having a better quality of life, like physical, emotional, and even social aspects, can help you either cope with already having the condition or help with developing cancer. Having physical comfort like your living situation, having positive relationships, eating nutritious foods, and being able to care for yourself especially if you live unaccompanied could help with your quality of life(cancer.net, 2018). As always, screening and getting test regularly is always key to catching it before or early on in the stages. Although there are always barriers and benefits to screening , barriers being the screening do not have standard guidelines, could have limited data, or could not detect disease, being a false negative. Other barriers to diagnosis and treatment could be, if there is a cost or limited to no transportation available for screening then diagnosing and treatment for the condition is impossible. Another barrier could be that if their body strength to tolerate or accept the treatment is not strong enough then to doctor or physician could lead the patient to a different way to treat the condition(Berger,2006). Some early symptoms, if any, could consist of fatigue, depression, weight loss and loss of appetite, changing in memory or thought process and pain if present(healthinaging.org, 2018). Fatigue could be caused by various reasons like, the actual cancer cells, treatment, and stress. Depression could be caused from pain, it could be severe enough to slow down limitations to social life and even just the thought of having this said disease and people looking at you differently, causing you to think negatively about yourself. If you have changes in your cerebral cortex, could lead to being forgetful, having a hard time focusing, and you could have difficulty making plans and processing tasks(healthinaging.org, 2018). Trying to manage keeping your cerebral cortex task oriented and working can be a challenge if you are having such problems. Making sure you get enough sleep, keep to-do list regularly, always asking for help when you might need it, and writing down questions if no one is arou nd at the time and ask later could keep your cerebral cortex working. If you experience loss of appetite and possible weight loss, you want to have your healthcare provider and their team help you plan of meals, medications, and even physical exercise times and functions. Ways to solve having a better diet and managing weight loss could be eating smaller portions but more often, limiting your consumption of fatty foods, and if you are inflexible to changing those options your provider could recommend taking supplements. Experiencing pain during treatment or from the cells themselves can change levels each day and can will likely be experienced while having the condition. Keeping pain levels under control is one of the healthcare providers most important ambition. Cancer treatments for older adult individuals could be a single type of treatment or could be in alliance with other treatments. Many times, physicians will perform a treatment outcome assessment to determine how to treat each individual, knowing that all people are different, and each have to be treated in different ways. Most common options include, but not limited to, surgery, chemotherapy, target therapy, and/or radiation therapy. Surgery consist of removing the cancer cells and possibly other cells surrounding the site to make sure spreading of the cancer cells doesnt happen and can be done in a quicker time span than other therapies. As always negative risks and liabilities can occur during all surgery, it is especially significant in the elderly individuals because your body may not function as healthy as it did before and should always discuss the risks that could occur. Chemotherapy treatment is spread out through several weeks and possible months, because of the longevity a nd strength of the chemo it can cause elderly individuals to have a higher risk of negative side effect but could still have a positive outcome. Chemotherapy takes effect upon the entire body as a whole, and can cause problems with the nervous systems, cause the stomach and weight loss problems, and can cause your blood count to be off by being lower, increasing the risk for an infection. With older individuals more commonly known for taking other medications for other health circumstances, this type of medication could possibly cause a reaction or affect the way the chemotherapy is working and void what that specific medication in intended to treat. As for radiation therapy, it is usually used in conjunction with treatments like surgery and chemotherapy. Radiation therapy is intense energy that kills the cells, and is usually done externally, but can be done internally, known as brachytherapy, by placing radioactive material inside your tissue(Mayo Clinic, 2018). Always consider th e risk and benefits to this therapy like; cost, schedule because it requires treatment more often than chemotherapy, and keeping a healthy diet could help determine the consideration of radiation therapy. Through clinical trials doctors have begun including more elderly individuals in their trials because cancer is a rising condition in people ages sixty-five and older. The American Society of Clinical Oncology organized a trial named the Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry, TAPUR, which is a clinical trial for individuals with later stages of cancer. The drugs used in this trial are for treatment of certain types of cancers but might work in treating other cancers while treating the one its intended to treat. The target for Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry is to learn about and from prescribing practices and to educated oncologists about how to use these genomically target drugs(TAPUR,2018). Eligibility consist of advanced cancer, no longer benefiting from any other treatment and being healthy enough to participate. At excessive doses of the therapy, radiation can kill cancer or at least slow down the growth by deteriorating them. Deteriorating them can cause the cells to quit dividing and/or eventually die off and can then be removed by the body. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are not the cure for cancer but has been the most successful treatment to date. Although nothing can assure your recovery outcome, most patients will be advised by their physicians them to use the statement in remission instead of being cured. There are multiple federal and state funding programs that will assist in financial barriers that individuals and their families could face. You can have insurance and still apply for government assistance for treatments, but there are certain eligibility requirements you have retain for each funding program. Some of the nonprofit organizations include CancerCare, Good Days, National Organization for Rare Disorders along with others, and they often times will pay for the copay and deductibles and could possible pay for cost of certain medications and treatment(Financial Assistance for Cancer Patients, 2018). Analysis of local solutions: Hope Cancer Resources mission is to provide compassionate, professional cancer support and education in the Northwest Arkansas region today and tomorrow. There vision is to provide hope and enhance quality of life by expanding prevention, wellness and comprehensive cancer support services in our region. They have extraordinarily high licensed oncology social workers, along with a Spanish interpreter to help broaden the amount of people that can come through and receive help from Hope Cancer Resources. There population includes all ages but have a focus in the elder population ages sixty-five and older. There are transportation services provided that can get patients to and from their appointments. Their biggest drawback is transportation, because while they do provide this service, they do not allow wheelchairs or family to ride along with them. With cancer lowering your strength and physical capabilities most will have a wheelchair and need assistance. Hope Cancer Resources is one o f the governments funded nonprofit in northwest Arkansas, and do not require any client fees and is solely ran off of donations and government grants. Their goal with financial assistance is to alleviate the financial stress of cancer for patients and their families. They offer financial assistance to cater to all individuals needs such as; gas cards and everyday living expenses along with funding for medications and nutritional supplements if needed. They provide counseling sessions that aid in emotional support and can include individual, couples, and family sessions. Hope Cancer Resources provides free cancer screening and prevention education, which includes; education for tobacco cessation and prevention. Along with these services they recently launched their wellness center in hopes to promote wellness and healthy living by helping to increase the quality of life of the patients and their caregivers. Conclusion: In conclusion, cancer will always be a negative diagnosis and disease until there is cure, and even then, cancer will still need to be treated. Cancer is the second highest cause of death in elder, ages sixty-five and older, and needs to be treated differently on each individual. Although now cancer is not considered to be a terminal disease any longer it is still a disease that needs to be treated and especially in elder with their systems weakening as they age. There are multiple routes a person can take to treat whichever kind of cancer they have, but it is not said which treatment is more effective than the other. All of the therapies are said to have positive effects with minimal side effects, but still some side effects could be present. Recommendations for change in the increasing number of people with cancer would be to include free screenings every year after the age of fifty. Having free screenings would encourage more individuals to get the testing and would more likely be able to detect it in the early stages. New solutions would be to find a cure for cancer, and to make it available for everyone to receive that treatment if needed. The next step everyone should take is to get screenings done more often which would in turn decrease the rise in the population of positive cancer testing. With Hope Cancer Resources being located here in the Northwest Arkansas area, it makes getting screened and test an easy access with no barriers holding you back if you live in the area.

Trouble With Difference . Racism Is An Umbrella Term That

Trouble with Difference Racism is an umbrella term that indicates discrimination based on not only race, but also culture, ethnicity, and economic power. It amounts to a group of people belonging to a particular class, culture, ethnicity and economic position over another. The killing of the Jews under Nazi rule in Germany or the discriminatory practices in pre-Civil Rights era in the United States are both examples of racism. The articles at hand, Letters to my son written by Ta-nehisi Coates which is about telling his young and innocent son of the world’s evils that their skin color has branded them for life with prejudices and disadvantages. At the moment he took his first breath. And the article Schools’ Discipline for Girls Differs†¦show more content†¦In this single story, there was no possibility of Africans being similar to her in any way, no possibility of feelings more complex than pity, no possibility of a connection as human equals.† Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie didnâ⠂¬â„¢t stand a chance. Coming from Africa her roommate just assumed the worst. Categorizing her into a group that puts her dignity down as a first impression. Quick assumptions like this, with a single-minded story, is very common in this generation. Similarly, Tanzina Vega portrays a point in her article about the stereotyping of African American girls in the United States school system. She wrote, â€Å"Compared with black boys, who are disciplined at higher rates than boys of other races and ethnicities, researchers say black girls tend to be penalized more subjectively, like for having a bad attitude or being defiant.† Including this into the article is important because research has shown that come trouble, African American girls will accept a punishment from someone who sees their race and gender as defiant or unsophisticated. While in a situation where the top dog in charge racial stereotypes not much will change their opinions or decisions. Relating this to the United States’ recent presidential else, Donald Trump may have a single belief on many different nationalities and cultures. Sadly, the lack of productivity and chaos in the city s show out for that mindset. 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The Yellow Wallpaper Reading Response - 1129 Words

The Yellow Wallpaper Reading Response Can the confinement of oneself be the cure for a person in a depressed state? My aunt who lives in India was subjected by the society she lived in to feel inferior to her husband and told to live a certain manner of life that pleased the long sought after traditions and values India has. Her husband and her children believed she was not as intelligent and did not respect her judgement. Her family believed she was to emotional and not logical as with any other woman. She felt lonely and scared, my mother used to talk to her and told me one morning â€Å"Your aunt is having thoughts of suicide.† That blew my mind so I asked a few intrusive questions as any other person would. Then I understood how lucky I was to not be subjected to the societal norms and judgement society has on many women in our current world. My aunt kept fighting this feeling but what she did to escape this feeling of confinement is not what most would find courageous but it was the only thing she could ve done. More on this later. In the short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Chartlotte Perkins Gilman is trying to say that many individuals are confined by the way society molds them and are too fearful to change the minds of the masses which can lead to many symptoms one including depression as is what the narrator experiences in the short story. It is clear that the short story depicts the life of a mental sick woman who is experiencing large depths ofShow MoreRelatedThe Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essay1507 Words   |  7 PagesPerkins Gilman has surprised that her writing on â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† that based on her experience unfortunately become one of the early feminism literature in the Victorian era. At first, her tale is regarded as a horror story because of its gothic theme. 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Character Analysis Of Beowulf As An Epic Hero - 765 Words

A hero is the central figure who has superior qualities and risks personal danger to pursue a quest. Beowulf is a great epic hero because he performs many brave deeds such as risking his life for the greater good of society, and is significant and glorified by all people. Beowulf boasts and boasts about all of his great doings, but in the end he proves to everyone that he is as great as he claims to be. First, Beowulf shows that he will do anything for the fame, glory, and the greater good of society. He risks his life in many of his adventures in the story to achieve these goals. An example of him risking his life for fame and society is shown whenever Beowulf decides he is going to kill the dragon for the people. Beowulf shows his will†¦show more content†¦Beowulf says, â€Å"A monster seized me, drew me swiftly toward the bottom, swimming with its claws tight in my flesh. But fate let me find its heart with my sword, hack myself free; I fought that beasts last battle, left it floating lifeless in the sea† . Beowulf seizing the sea monster is only one of many brave deeds that he accomplishes throughout this epic poem. Beowulf performs many brave deeds that no normal human being would dare try. Beowulf is a strong believer in his own personal strength. Beowulf says, â€Å"My lord Higlac might think less of me if I let my sword go where my feet were afraid to, if I hid behind some broad linden shield: my hands alone shall fight for me, struggle for life against the monster†. Beowulf shows his bravery and courage by refusing to use weapons against Grendel. In this epic poem Beowulf performs these many brave deeds because he has so much courage. He also has so much desire to conquer any challenge that comes his way. People had a great love for Beowulf’s bravery and looked up to him. Beowulf’s accomplishments were talked about among all people. He was a hero to many people. Beowulf was respected by all â€Å"and over and over they swore that nowhere on Earth or under the spreading sky or between the seas, neither south nor north, was there a warrior worthier to rule over men†. People looked up to Beowulf because he accomplished many things that they had never seenShow MoreRelatedBeowulf Epic Hero Essay880 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Beowulf as an Epic Hero The definition of a hero from ancient times to present day has evolved greatly, but they often still possess characteristics synonymous across all cultures and timespans. In modern times, they are often thought of as role models for others to live up to, and are generally humble, honest, and not afraid to put others in front of themselves. In ancient times, more emphasis was put on strength and fearlessness, and epic heroes were often saviors of the land, sentRead MoreThe Theme Of Fight In Beowulf798 Words   |  4 PagesELA 12 Theme of Beowulf Theme of fight: First of all I will to give you a definition of fight: Fight means limited engagement in space and time of enemy land, air or naval formations. Learn more about. In the book Beowulf we witness 3 fights, this theme is therefore the articulation of the book. Indeed, these fights that Beowulf delivers, the hero of history, intrigues the reader. Thats why I chose this theme. During the fighting the reader can feel suspense, will the hero come out victoriousRead MoreThe Becoming Of An Epic Hero1240 Words   |  5 PagesThe Becoming Of an Epic Hero Beowulf became the epic hero he was, from his will for his love to succeed, his strength to never give up even if it meant death .He existed trying to become like his father or even to surpass him. He defeated the dragon and his pride lead him to his death, but he saved so many lives before his inevitable demise. He gave his life for what he believed in, for honor, pride and for his people. Which in turn creates the next hero, Wiglaf who served Beowulf willing to give hisRead MoreGood vs. Evil Found in Beowulf807 Words   |  3 PagesGood vs. Evil Found in Beowulf In the story of Beowulf, there are many different themes found. Many people argue the main theme found in this story. This has been argued for a very long time and will go on for many more years to come. Although many themes in this story stick out and a main theme will never be accepted, one main theme is very noticeable in the story of Beowulf. The main theme found in Beowulf is good versus evil. Good versus evil is very easy to recognize. â€Å"Some peopleRead MoreTheme Of Heroism In Beowulf1139 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Beowulf† is the oldest surviving poem in Old English Literature. It is an epic poem, which is a narrative poem typically revolving around heroism. The poem emphasizes repetitively on how Beowulf is a hero. He saves countless people from countless monsters, three of which are the main antagonists in the poem – a demon, the demon’s mother, and a dragon. But is saving innocent lives the only factor to justify and determine a person’s heroism? Throughout the story of Beowulf, the author makes appealsRead More Beowulf: Christian Vs Pagan Influence Essay1652 Words   |  7 Pages The European epic, Beowulf, was written sometime in the eighth century in England. This time period provides us with an idea for the mixture of Christian and pagan elements because of an English society that was in the process of converting from Paganism to Christianity. Examples of Pagan and Christian traditions are presented all throughout literature. Many of the influences deal with what it going on in the world, when the piece is written. When Beowulf was written, St. Augustine had just comeRead MorePoem Analysis : Beowulf 1619 Words   |  7 PagesBen Sparrow Ms. Finkelstein Honors English IV September 5, 2015 Beowulf is renowned as the oldest poem written in the English language, thought to be written over 1500 years ago this epic poem is still being heavily studied and compared to modern literature regularly. The protagonist, named Beowulf is a great warrior whose called to defend the Danes from the vicious attack of many monsters. Many would label this call to action as the start of his hero’s journey, although it isn’t an ancient conceptRead MoreBeowulf: Christian vs Pagan Influence Term Paper1665 Words   |  7 PagesThe European epic, Beowulf, was written sometime in the eighth century in England. This time period provides us with an idea for the mixture of Christian and pagan elements because of an English society that was in the process of converting from Paganism to Christianity. Examples of Pagan and Christian traditions are presented all throughout literature. Many of the influences deal with what it going on in the world, when the piece is written. When Beowulf was written, St. Augustine had just comeRead MoreThe Heroic Code1182 Words   |  5 Pagesjust think of themselves, for their decisions often affect the lives of others as well. They need the heroic code to guide them in their decision making. In this essay, I will describe the heroic code and share its applications in the stories of Beowulf, Gilgamesh and Noah, and The Illiad, as well as my other personal experiences. I will start with the story of The Man of La Mancha, which is a play based on the story of Don Quixote. In this story, you have a rather deranged man on a quest to becomeRead MoreBeowulf And The Anglo Saxon Period1740 Words   |  7 PagesBeowulf The original poem, Beowulf, goes back to the Anglo-Saxon period in c. 650 and c.1100. Authors translated Beowulf many times in the Anglo-Saxon period to present day. It displays how a hero should be in the real world. He helps the people in the village and slays monsters. Everyone in the village looks up to him as he acts as if he were a role model. Beowulf, the protagonist in the translated Beowulf by Seamus Heaney, is a hero of his village, stands for bravery, strong will, and nobleness

Leadership Management Effectiveness - Style and Employee Readiness

Question: Discuss about the case study Leadership Management for Effectiveness, Style and Employee Readiness. Answer: Introduction: According to me, Leonardo Dicaprio is the best leader in the movie Inception. Leonardo Dicaprio is an experienced and talented actor. That is why, he was able to tackle Christopher Nolans Inception. He is an American actor as well as film producer (Colombani, 2015). He played the role of Dom Cobb in the film Inception. Over his career, Dicaprio has won many awards stretching from prestigious Golden Globe Award to Razzie Award. In 1998, Leo created the Leonardo Dicaprio Foundation in order to support companies and enterprises. Consequently, a sustainable future would be secured for the world. Since then, Dicaprio has built a future relationships with some great leaders of the world. He has also produced a number of media projects that communicate firmness of the issues to the people. The media projects consists of two short internet films such as Global Warming and Water Planet (Perry Dennison, 2010). Besides that, he devoted half of the website www.leonardodicaprio.org to the conten t and environmental news. Presently, he is building social media channels so as to reach public directly. Moreover, apart from acting, he created his own production company which he named Appian Way. Under his production house he wrote, narrated as well as produced the commended environmentally themed documentary named 11th Hour. Leo sits on the board of several organizations devoted to these issues like Global Green USA and Natural Resources Defence Council (Tracy, 2014). In this way, he became a leader not only in Inception but also in the eyes of all peoples. The leadership style and its achievement Laissez-Faire Style In Laissez-Faire leadership style, the leader lacks to supervise directly to employees and fails to give regular feedback to those under his supervision. But these types of leaders hinders the production of employees that needs to be supervised (Chen Silverthorne, 2005). The leaders of this leadership style supervise highly experienced as well as trained employees of an organization. Laissez-Faire leadership ease the working environment of the employees and it gives completes freedom to them. Autocratic Style The autocratic leadership style helps the leaders to make decisions alone without any others input. In this leadership style, the leaders possess the entire authority and execute their will on the workers. Nations such as North Korea and Cuba operate under the autocratic leadership style. Autocratic style helps the employees to get a closed supervision whereas Laissez-Faire style unable to supervise normal employees. When decisions need to be made quickly without referring with a huge group of people, then the autocratic leadership style is beneficial for a particular company. Participative Style Participative leadership style is also known as democratic leadership style. This leadership values the input team members as well as peers. The leaders of this style boost the morale of the employee because the employee makes contributions to the decision making procedure (Huang, 2012). The leaders of this leadership style possesses the powers to review the results as well as train the employees within a company. The participative leadership offers employees more than just chance to develop their income by means of good performance. The leadership skills A leader must possess good skills in order to become a successful leader. Consequently, the organization also gets advantage. The worldwide abilities of a leader are particularly critical to survive between the rivals in worldwide business sector (Prieto, 2013). There are numerous essential variables should be noted in the field of universal business as business morals along with the social assorted qualities of every nation. The leaders should have a widespread awareness about these in bringing business universally. When one individual achieves a top administration level he will be an expert in the authoritative structure. However, the worldwide business is something other than what's expected from the hierarchical methodologies. It consists of cultural diversities which will make a pattern in that business sector. This exploration will answer the inquiry in regards to the administration aptitudes for a worldwide business sector. A leader must have the skill to develop the qualities of staff and it can be done by the process of motivation, mentoring, coaching, training and supervision. The leader must the ability to improve personal development plan. The skill required to communicate appropriately is a crucial part for productive organization. It was found that forty-three percent of respondents recognized skills on communication as the most essential aptitude set. On the other hand, forty-one percent recognized the unsuitable use of communication as the first mistake that leaders make (Lockett Boyd, 2012). The utilization of suitable support and direction, and the commitment and respecting of workers input were seen as essential to accomplishment and an essential slip if not improved. Effective management of the people was the second most basic aptitude set recognized. The impact of leadership Situational model of leadership The situational model of leadership is one of the most utilized, identified as well as efficient leadership model. It is an influential tool in the history of behavioral science. The model was developed by Dr. Paul Hersey during 1960s. The situational leaders manage their leadership styles based on the level of skills and behavior of the employees. The leaders of this model matches four leadership styles to four improvement levels of employees. Situational leaders also provides support for the employees regarding their requirements. The workers receive mentoring, support and coaching which are necessary for an employee for performing their duties. Subsequently, it builds morale among the workers of the organization. They are also responsible for the productivity of the company. A supporting and motivating working environment can aid to increase the productivity (Peus, Braun, Frey, 2013). The turnover of the employees needs a high cost for the companies with recruitment, training and hiring in order to replace the workers who resigns the organization. So, these issues are handled by situational leaders. The leaders helps the organization to reduce the turnover rates of the employee. The situational leadership model consist of maturity levels. Each of these maturity levels determines the leadership powers which a leader possess. References Chen, J. Silverthorne, C. (2005). Leadership effectiveness, leadership style and employee readiness. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 26(4), 280-288. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437730510600652 Colombani, F. (2015). Leonardo DiCaprio. London: Phaidon. Huang, X. (2012). Helplessness of empowerment: The joint effect of participative leadership and controllability attributional style on empowerment and performance. Human Relations, 65(3), 313-334. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726711429876 Lockett, L. Boyd, B. (2012). Enhancing Leadership Skills in Volunteers. Journal Of Leadership Education, 11(1), 233-244. https://dx.doi.org/10.12806/v11/i1/ab2 Perry, S. Dennison, B. (2010). Inception. New York: Pocket Books. Peus, C., Braun, S., Frey, D. (2013). Situation-based measurement of the full range of leadership model Development and validation of a situational judgment test. The Leadership Quarterly, 24(5), 777-795. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2013.07.006 Prieto, B. (2013). Establishing and Building Leadership Skills. Leadership Manage. Eng., 13(3), 209-211. https://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)lm.1943-5630.0000235 Tracy, B. (2014). Leadership. New York: American Management Association.

Pain Management free essay sample

There are many healthcare problems that can be discussed I chose to discuss the problem of management of acute and chronic pain. The purpose of this paper is to explore the effects proper pain management on nursing practice, population most effected by chronic and acute pain, ways to improve pain management from a nursing perspective. Practice Setting Problem The proper managing of acute and chronic pain is a hot topic in the field of nursing. The poor management of pain by nursing is well a documented problem. Of the five vital signs pain is the most subjective of them all. It is one vital sign that cannot be measured by any machine only the patient knows his or her level of pain. In nursing school assessment courses nurses are taught that the pain level is what the patient says it is and should be treated accordingly. Treating a patient pain level according to what the patient states is his or her pain levels is not always a common practice. We will write a custom essay sample on Pain Management or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Importance of the Clinical Problem and its Significance to Nursing Practice As a nurse there is an obligation to patients to advocate on there behalf. According to the American Nurses Associations (ANA) position statement on Pain Management and Control of Distressing Symptoms in Dying Patients it’s the nurses obligation to his or her patient to administer effective doses of prescribed medications for symptom control. ANA also states nurses have a moral obligation to advocate on a patients behalf when the pain management regime prescribed is not effective. The textbook tells us that BSN prepared RN are much better prepared to implement Evidence Based Practice (EBP) than an ADN prepared nurse (Brown, 2012). The use of EBP requires nurses to review research, implement and evaluate outcome. ADN nurses are traditional taught more of the clinical aspect of nursing while in school where as BSN nurses have EBP incorporated into their nursing curriculum. The exposure to EBP for BSN prepared RN’s early on in their career’s give them the advantage of being comfortable with EBP in their nursing practice. Impact on Patient and Community According to a survey call Postoperative Analgesic Therapy Observational Survey (PATHOS) fewer than half of postoperative patients receive adequate pain management postoperatively (Benhamou, 2008). Uncontrolled pain postoperatively leads to longer hospital stays and increase in financial strain on patients. The average cost per day of a hospital stay is over 2,000 dollars. Uncontrolled pain postoperatively can also lead to delay in initiating mobilization of the patient. This delay in mobilization puts the patient at risk for issues such as thrombus, pneumonia from inadequate lung expansion due to pain, urinary retention, and fear and anxiety are just a few associated risk. Poor post- operative pain management often leads to repeat visits to the hospital seeking adequate pain control. Delayed recovery due too inadequate pain management often is a source of lost wages and productivity for the patient that ultimately has a trickle down economic effect. Another area of care that has a high rate of inadequately controlled pain management complaints is Emergency Room. According to a study conducted in the United States patient presenting to the emergency room complaining of pain reported a median pain score of 8 out of 10, and a pain score of 6 at discharge. About 41% of patients reported their pain was not alleviated or increased after an emergency room visit, and almost 75% reported moderate to severe pain at discharge (Todd, 2007). Some of the causes of inadequate pain management in the Emergency Room include failure to acknowledge pain, opiophobia, racial, and gender bias. Age biases exist in the emergency rooms a treatment of pain mostly geared toward the elderly patients. The reports of poor pain management in the emergency room are largely blamed on the gap in time between initial assessment of pain and the actually treatment of the pain. The poor pain management in the emergency room much like poor post operative pain management cause increases in the cost of health care and repeat visits to the emergency room for treatment. Difference in Care Based on Evidence The implementation of EBP as it relates to adequate pain management would lower the cost of patient care and increase patient satisfaction with the care received. EBP implementation would lower cost by decreasing the length stay and lower return visits for pain management. Changes that would have to happen in nursing practice setting would be speedy initial assessment, intervention in a timely manner, education of patients as well as family, and reevaluation of interventions in a timely manner. Summary Ineffective pain management is a huge problem in healthcare today. The implementation EBP guidelines as relates to pain management would be a step in the right direction. Nursing practice must change and evolve thru research to better meet the needs of patients.

The Roll of Cultural Diversity in Education free essay sample

The role of cultural diversity in education and how it effect on Students, teachers and the community Culture encapsulates so many characteristics that shape an individual. There are not only influences from gender, race but also from class, age, geographic location, religion and even language influence one’s own cultural identity. In the United States, the student population is one of the most diverse in the whole world. We have a large number of immigrants who locate here from countries across the globe in search of a better life. A result of this is that our society is made up of a large diversity of people who speak a myriad of languages and have their own customs. It is the responsibility of society and educators to recognize and react to the changing population in order to make our students successful. Educators have an obligation to help identify the needs of their students in order to provide a proper education. We will write a custom essay sample on The Roll of Cultural Diversity in Education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Students are not only affected by their own culture, but the culture they need to assimilate to.According to our text understanding cultural differences and learning to recognize when students do not share your own cultural patterns are critical steps in the provision of equitable learning environment. When students never see themselves in textbooks or stories, the culture of their families and communities is denigrated. As a result, students too often learn that their own culture is inferior to the official culture of the school or mainstream culture (Johnson, Musial, Hall, Gollnick, Dupuis 2005). It is important that the teaching materials used by teachers are proportionate to the student population within the local school system.The administrators and principles need to diligently study the demographic of their school district every year in order to identify what challenges they may face in order to identify the needs for the upcoming school year. Society has changed over the last 25 – 30 years not only through cultural diversity, but the recognition of sexual orientation in regards to homosexuality. I graduated from high school in 1985, and there was no recognition of anyone in our school as to being straight or gay. If someone was gay, they were â€Å"in the closet† for fear of getting beaten or ostracized.Society did not accept homosexuality and AIDS was beginning to be a household term for god’s punishment for those who chose a homosexual lifestyle. Times have changed, and there is more acceptance, but there is still more work that needs to be done. Many openly gay students are still verbally and physically harassed in schools and as a result experience isolation and loneliness to the point of committing suicide. Our schools need to develop support systems where lesbian and gay students can come to school and feel safe.This cannot easily be done. Many communities are intolerant of lesbians and gays and do not see the need for such recognition. Because the school system is a result of the community it serves, it needs to work to change such prejudices within the community in order to serve its students.

Top 200 Essay topics for writing 2019 edition

Let’s face it, essay writing can be tedious and boring. Spending hours to write a good essay is difficult and choosing an essay topic can be even confusing. To help you get started, we have categorized a list of a number of different types of essay topic ideas. Quick Links 1. Argumentative Essay 2. Persuasive Essay 3. Descriptive Essay Topics 4. Narrative essay Topics 5. Research Essay Topics 6. Expository Essay Topics 7. Compare and Contrast Essay Topics 8. Cause and Effect Essay Topics 9. Informative Essay Topics 9.1 College Essay Topics 9.2 Essay Topics for High School 9.3 Essay Topics for Middle School 1. Argumentative Essay Topics In an argumentative essay, you will investigate a topic in great detail. To give you an idea, some good argument topics ideas are below. School students should be allowed to curate their high school curriculum. The role of physical education in the school system. Should the death sentence be implemented globally? It should be illegal to use certain types of animals for experiments and other research purposes. Should the government do more to improve accessibility for people with physical disabilities? Do people learn the art of becoming a politician or are they born with it? Social media platform owners should monitor and block comments containing hateful language. Does technology play a role in making people feel more isolated? Will there ever be a time when there will be no further technological advancements? It should be illegal to produce and sell tobacco. If your teacher assigns you a topic, then it is good. It not, you need to choose one to write your essay. Here is a compiled list of more argumentative essay topics for you to choose from. 2. Persuasive Essay Topics A persuasive essay is similar to an argumentative paper. However, in it the writer wants to convince the readers of their point of view. Below is a list of topics for a persuasive essay. Energy drinks should be banned in schools and colleges. Gambling should be banned in the United States. Should abortions be banned worldwide? Hunting is an immoral act. Is it okay to use animals in a circus? Harmful dogs should be euthanized. Cell phones should not be allowed in schools. Teachers should pass a professional exam, just like students. Schools should reduce the workload on students. Sex education should be mandatory in high schools. For your help, we have gathered a wide range of persuasive essay topics. Give it a read. 3. Descriptive Essay Topics In a descriptive essay, you describe a certain thing and use sensory information to engage your readers' five senses (taste, touch, smell, hearing, sight). Here is a list of topics. The person responsible for making a difference in my life. Describe a smartphone and its benefits to someone from the 60s. The most interesting piece of art I have ever seen. Describe the experience of falling in love. What does a place that only exists in your imagination look like? Describe meeting a famous person. Describe yourself and your personality to a stranger. What will life be like in 2050? An experience that changed my life forever. Your idea of the perfect day. Here are some more descriptive essay topicsto help you find a good idea for your essay. 4. Narrative Essay Topics In a narrative essay, your goal is to share a personal experience by telling a story. Some examples and topics are below. The experience that taught me that looks can be deceiving. A week without internet and technology. The impact your first love had on your life. How much did your teachers contribute into making you the person you are today? An experience that made you realize your parents were or weren't always right. A moment when someone you didn't like surprised you with kindness. The influence technology has had on your hobbies and life. An achievement outside of academic life? Which school lesson had the biggest influence on your life? A day when you fought procrastination. 5. Research Essay Topics While writing a research essay, the most crucial step is choosing a topic for your essay. Choose a topic that is broad enough to compose an entire research essay on it. Below are some of the best topics for your research essay. Effects of violent cartoons on children. Should universities provide accommodations to disabled students? Events and experiences I agree are causing the increase in terrorism. How technology and gadgets affect studies of children? Do children who attend preschool do better in school? Universities are becoming business driven. Does college debt affect the future lives of the students? Why has divorce rate changed in the past decade? Schools should allow the use of smartphones in school. Effective ways to decrease depression among our youth. Looking for more? We have an extensive range of research essay topics that have everything you need to get an engaging topic idea. 6. Expository Essay Topics While writing an expository essay, you have to explain and clarify your topic in a way that it becomes clear to the readers. Below is a list of expository essay topics: Why do teenagers commit suicide? What is the impact of music on our youth? What are the consequences of skipping school? Why do teenagers use drugs? How can pets make you happy and improve your life? Consequences of having alcoholic drinks within a school campus. How does drug use affect relationships? Is global warming a cause of skin cancer? Is sodium bad for your health? What is the line between being over-weight and being obese? To help you further, we have gathered an additional and extensive list of expository essay topics. 7. Compare and Contrast Essay Topics In a compare and contrast essay, you evaluate and analyze the similarities and differences between the two subjects. Your reader must be able to form an opinion after weighing the pros and cons you have set forth. Below are some topics for you: Extroverts and introverts. Generation Y vs. Generation Z. Traditional Helicopters Vs. Lifesize Drones. Unemployed students vs. students with a part-time job. SAT and TOEFL. Persuasive and argumentative essay --- how are they similar? How were the causes of World War I different from the causes of World War II? Education vs. professional career: what is more difficult? Real life or spending your time daydreaming. Consequences of earthquake and tsunami: what's worse? Also visit: Compare and Contrast Essay Topics: 70 Fresh New Ideas 8. Cause and Effect Essay Topics Cause and effect essay explains why something happens and what happens as a result of those happenings. A cause and effect essay is a type of expository essay. Here are a few topics for your cause and effect essay: What are the causes of eating disorders? Effects of climate change and global warming. The effects of the Feminism movement. What are the causes of increasing depression among teenagers? What are the causes of suicidal thoughts? Is keeping a pet effective to calm your mind? How divorce affects children? Why are men afraid of commitment? Effects of social media on youth. Has social media affected relationships among families? To get more ideas, visit our cause and effect essay topics that are remarkable and well-suited for a great essay. 9. Informative Essay Topics Essay writing requires depth. However, you don't have to choose a complex topic in a middle school, high school or college. Here is a list of essay topics for middle school, high school and college students. 9.1 College Essay Topics Virtual classes cannot replace traditional class system. Advantages and disadvantages of online classes. Is there a need to reform the college education system? Assault weapons should not be legal. People with a history of mental illness should not be allowed to purchase firearms. Taxation system needs to be changed around the globe. Kids should not be the target audience in advertising. Number of calories should be mentioned with every meal. Feminists have effectively improved the workforce for women. Is death penalty effective? 9.2 Essay Topics for High School The choice to join the armed forces should be an individual decision. Listening to music can increase work efficiency. Being honest has more cons than pros. People who have been in an accident value life more than others. Embarrassing moments help boost your confidence. Kindness is the most valuable personal trait. Spontaneity can improve your life. Can hobbies help improve the richness of one's life? Dressing properly in the office improves work efficiency Being organized can help in school as well as the office. 9.3 Essay Topics for Middle School Every child should have chores at home. There should not be any summer classes. Should students continue studying during summer vacation? Parents should pay attention to the amount of time their children spend watching television. Favorite family summer vacation. Sports should be mandatory in every school. Processed foods should not be part of private and public school lunch. Do students still use newspapers for research? Every individual should spend a year doing community service. The weekend should be 3 days long. Hopefully, you would have selected a topic for your essay. If you are looking for more ideas, try this essay topic generator. You will find plenty of ideas for your essay. Still need help choosing an essay topic? 5StarEssays is a professional essay writing service that helps you get a high quality essay. We have a team of professional writers who can help you with your academic writing.